Temperature Conversion Chart

Master temperature conversions with our comprehensive chart! Convert between Fahrenheit, Celsius, and gas marks for oven temperatures, meat doneness, candy making, and more cooking applications.

Oven TemperaturesMeat DonenessCandy MakingQuick Reference

Quick Temperature Reference

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Oven (350°F)

177°C, Gas Mark 4

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Beef Medium

145°F / 63°C

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Soft Ball

235°F / 113°C

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Water Boils

212°F / 100°C

Oven Temperature Conversions

FahrenheitCelsiusGas MarkDescription
200°F95°C1/4Very slow
225°F110°C1/4Very slow
250°F120°C1/2Very slow
275°F135°C1Slow
300°F150°C2Slow
325°F165°C3Slow
350°F175°C4Moderate
375°F190°C5Moderate
400°F205°C6Moderately hot
425°F220°C7Hot
450°F230°C8Hot
475°F245°C9Very hot
500°F260°C9+Very hot

Meat Doneness Temperatures

Meat TypeFahrenheitCelsiusDescription
Beef (Rare)125°F52°CVery red center, cool
Beef (Medium Rare)135°F57°CRed center, warm
Beef (Medium)145°F63°CPink center, warm
Beef (Medium Well)155°F68°CSlightly pink center
Beef (Well Done)165°F74°CNo pink, firm
Pork (Medium)145°F63°CSlightly pink center
Pork (Well Done)160°F71°CNo pink, firm
Lamb (Rare)125°F52°CRed center, cool
Lamb (Medium)145°F63°CPink center, warm
Lamb (Well Done)160°F71°CNo pink, firm
Chicken (Whole)165°F74°CNo pink, juices run clear
Chicken (Breast)165°F74°CNo pink, juices run clear
Chicken (Thigh)175°F79°CNo pink, juices run clear
Turkey (Whole)165°F74°CNo pink, juices run clear
Fish (Flaky)145°F63°CFlakes easily with fork
Fish (Firm)150°F66°CFirm but moist

Candy Making Temperatures

StageFahrenheitCelsiusDescription
Thread230°F110°CSyrup forms threads when dropped in cold water
Soft Ball235°F113°CForms soft ball in cold water, flattens when removed
Firm Ball245°F118°CForms firm ball in cold water, holds shape
Hard Ball250°F121°CForms hard ball in cold water, doesn't flatten
Soft Crack270°F132°CForms hard threads in cold water, pliable
Hard Crack300°F149°CForms hard, brittle threads in cold water
Caramel320°F160°CGolden brown, very hard and brittle

Common Cooking Temperatures

Water Boiling Point

212°F100°C

Sea level

Water Freezing Point

32°F0°C

Ice formation

Room Temperature

70°F21°C

Comfortable indoor temp

Body Temperature

98.6°F37°C

Normal human body temp

Danger Zone (Min)

40°F4°C

Bacteria growth starts

Danger Zone (Max)

140°F60°C

Bacteria growth stops

Refrigerator

40°F4°C

Ideal fridge temperature

Freezer

0°F-18°C

Ideal freezer temperature

Wine Serving (Red)

60°F16°C

Room temperature

Wine Serving (White)

45°F7°C

Chilled

Coffee Brewing

195°F91°C

Optimal extraction

Tea Brewing

175°F79°C

Black tea

Conversion Formulas

Fahrenheit to Celsius

°C = (°F - 32) × 5/9
Example: 350°F = (350 - 32) × 5/9 = 176.7°C

Celsius to Fahrenheit

°F = (°C × 9/5) + 32
Example: 180°C = (180 × 9/5) + 32 = 356°F

Gas Mark to Celsius

°C = (Gas Mark × 14) + 121
Example: Gas Mark 4 = (4 × 14) + 121 = 177°C

Gas Mark to Fahrenheit

°F = (Gas Mark × 25) + 250
Example: Gas Mark 4 = (4 × 25) + 250 = 350°F

Temperature Tips & Tricks

Oven Temperature Tips

  • • Preheat oven for 15-20 minutes before baking
  • • Use an oven thermometer to verify temperature
  • • Reduce temperature by 25°F for convection ovens
  • • Allow oven to recover temperature between batches
  • • Check for hot spots by baking a sheet of bread

Meat Temperature Tips

  • • Insert thermometer into thickest part of meat
  • • Let meat rest 5-10 minutes after cooking
  • • Temperature will rise 5-10°F during resting
  • • Clean thermometer between different meats
  • • Check multiple spots for large cuts

Candy Making Tips

  • • Use a candy thermometer for accuracy
  • • Don't stir once sugar starts boiling
  • • Test in cold water for doneness
  • • Work quickly once desired temperature is reached
  • • Humidity affects candy making success

General Tips

  • • Calibrate thermometers regularly
  • • Use digital thermometers for accuracy
  • • Keep thermometers clean and dry
  • • Allow time for temperature readings to stabilize
  • • Consider altitude when cooking at high elevations

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