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Guides · Technique & kitchen

Cooking method substitutes

How to swap one cooking method for another when the equipment a recipe assumes is not there, with the temperature and time adjustments each swap needs.

Instead of an oven

4 swaps
Instead of an oven
UseHow
Toaster ovenSuits small batches; reduce temperature by 25°F
Air fryerReduce temperature by 25–50°F and cook time by 20%
StovetopUse a covered pan on low heat for slow cooking
MicrowaveUse microwave-safe dishes and stir frequently

Instead of a stovetop

4 swaps
Instead of a stovetop
UseHow
Electric skilletHolds a consistent temperature
Slow cookerLow heat for 6–8 hours, high for 3–4 hours
Pressure cookerCuts cooking time by about 70%
GrillUse a cast iron pan for indoor grilling

Baking without an oven

4 ways
  1. Use a Dutch oven on the stovetop for bread.
  2. Steam cakes in a covered pot with a trivet.
  3. Use a cast iron skillet for skillet cookies.
  4. Try no-bake recipes for desserts.

Grilling without a grill

4 ways
  1. Use a grill pan on the stovetop.
  2. Broil in the oven for a similar charred effect.
  3. Use a cast iron skillet for searing.
  4. Pan-sear over high heat.

Frying without a deep fryer

4 ways
  1. Use a deep pot with a thermometer.
  2. Shallow-fry in a skillet.
  3. Use an air fryer for a lower-fat option.
  4. Pan-fry with a little oil.

Temperature conversions

Temperature conversions
FromToAdjustment
OvenToaster ovenReduce by 25°F
OvenAir fryerReduce by 25–50°F
StovetopSlow cookerLow ≈ 200°F, high ≈ 300°F

Tips

4 tips
  1. Preheat the stand-in the way you would the original: a cold air fryer or skillet gives a different result.
  2. Use a thermometer rather than the recipe clock: the time was written for the other method.
  3. Check doneness early: an air fryer runs about 20% faster, a slow cooker on low takes 6–8 hours.
  4. A wide, shallow vessel cooks faster than a deep one at the same temperature.
Also on file

One ingredient at a time

Every ingredient has its own card: the swap, the amount, and every option stamped.